★It is written by Cheng Ma, a researcher at the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences! Adopting an interdisciplinary research perspective that combines history and theory, it provides readers with an all-encompassing look at the relationship between Chinese warlords and Japan.
★A cross-border research book that takes into account Chinese warlords and modern Sino-Japanese relations. It is an important reference for studying the history of modern Sino-Japanese relations!
★It quotes a large number of Japanese official and media reports and commentaries on Chinese warlords, providing a detailed and engaging narrative.

This book not only describes in detail the overview and historical lineage of the Chinese warlords, but also reveals in depth the complex relationship between the Beiyang warlords and their splinter factions such as the Anhui, Zhiwei, Fenghuang, Chiang Kai-shek, Guiwei, Northwest China, and the Japanese government and civil society.

Cheng Ma

He is a researcher at the Comparative Literature Research Office of the Institute of Literature, Social Sciences of China.
His major works include “Lu Xun's Study in Japan”, “Communication and Renewal: The Relationship between Lu Xun and Japanese Literature”, “The Theory of Literary Values”, “Chinese Psychological Disorder: The Cult of Completion”, and so on. His translations include “The Collected Works of Minoru Takeuchi”(10 volumes) and more.

Introduction
Focusing on Chinese Warlords
The Complexity of Chinese Warlords
The “Transitional” Role of Chinese Warlords
The Grudges Between Chinese Warlords and Japan

Prologue
The Origins and Development of Chinese Warlords
The Deserved Title of “Warlord”
Old and New Chinese Warlords
The Origin of Warlords: The Beiyang New Army
The Rise and Fall of Warlords and the Relations with Foreign Powers
“The World Eventually Reaches Harmony After Long Division”

Chapter 1 Yuan Shikai of the Beiyang Faction and Japan
Yuan Shikai’s Relationship with Japan
Yuan Shikai’s Acceptance of the “Twenty-One Demands”
The “Reconstruction Loans” and Yuan’s Attempt to Become Emperor

Chapter 2 Duan Qirui of the Anhui Faction and Japan
Japan and Duan Qirui’s Mutual Utilization
The History of the Nishihara Loans
The Zhili-Anhui War and Its Outcome

Chapter 3 Wu Peifu of the Zhili Faction and Japan
The Relationship Between the Zhili Warlords and Japan
Two Zhili-Fengtian Wars
Feng Yuxiang’s Defection

Chapter 4 Zhang Zuolin of the Fengtian Faction and Japan
Zhang Zuolin’s Entanglements with Japan
The Period Before and After the Huanggutun Incident
Zhang Xueliang’s Change of Allegiance

Chapter 5 New Warlords and Japan
The Kuomintang and Japan
Japan’s Three Military Interventions
The Period Before and After the Full-Scale War of Resistance

Chapter 6 Western Warlords and Japan
Non-mainstream New Warlords
The Guangxi Army’s Independent Actions
The Northwestern Army’s Courageous Battles

Conclusion
Comparisons between Chinese and Japanese Warlords
The Inverse Evolution of Sino-Japanese Military and Political Relations
Three Aspects of Modern Sino-Japanese Relations
The Historical Lessons of Chinese and Japanese Warlords

Appendix
The Xinhai Revolution and Japan
Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing, and Miyazaki Takaten
Umeya Shozo and Sun Yat-sen’s Wife
The Yamada Brothers and Dong Yechangzhi